Computation of the Biot-Savart line integral with higher-order convergence using straight segments
One common approach to computing the magnetic field produced by a filamentary current-carrying coil is to approximate the coil as a series of straight segments. The Biot-Savart field from each straight segment is known analytically. However, if the endpoints of the straight segments are chosen to lie on the coil, then the accuracy of the Biot-Savart computation is generally only second-order in the number of endpoints. We propose a simple modification: shift each endpoint off the coil in the outwards normal direction by an amount proportional to the local curvature. With this modification, the Biot-Savart accuracy increases to fourth order and the numerical error is dramatically reduced for a given number of discretization points.
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